(-)-Epicatechin-rich cocoa mediated modulation of oxidative stress regulators in skeletal muscle of heart failure and Type 2 diabetes patients

Published October 2014

A three-month open-label pilot study studies the results of treatment with (−)-epicatechin-rich cocoa in five patients with stable New York Heart Association stage II and III heart failure and Type 2 diabetes.

Note that the formulation and dosage of (-)-epicatechin used in this clinical study are relevant to our key ingredient, Mitokatylst™ in the product Mitokatylst™ – E.

Analysis and testing included skeletal muscle biopsies, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.

Key Takeaways

After 12 weeks of the administration of (-)-epicatechin-rich cocoa, the significantly reduced levels of glutathione (indicating increased oxidative stress, potentially leading to fatigue, immune dysfunction, and higher risks for chronic conditions like neurodegenerative diseases, liver issues, and cancer) were restored.
SIRT3 protein levels (connected to adaptive responses to stress, longevity and health, and protective mechanisms in disease) were determined using Western Blot analysis and were found to have a significant increase versus the baseline.
Catalase protein (response to oxidative stress and metabolic activity) abundance was significantly increased versus the baseline.

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Authors Israel Ramirez-Sanchez, Pam R Taub, Theodore P Ciaraldi,, Leonardo Nogueira, Taylor Coe, Guy Perkins, Michael Hogan, Alan S Maisel, Robert R Henry, Guillermo Ceballos, Francisco Villarreal